Foundations of theranostics
Radioligand therapy (RLT) and radioligand imaging (RLI) offer a novel, theranostic approach to targeting and treating certain types of cancer.1 This section of the Novartis RLT Institute is designed to help health care professionals (HCPs) understand the basic scientific foundations of RLT. By focusing on the science, we aim to demystify radiation and safety concerns and build confidence in offering patients this approach to precision medicine in cancer.
Radiation safety fundamentals
ALARA principle
The core principle of radiation safety, ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable), aims to minimize radiation exposure for both staff and patients by following 3 key practices: time, distance, and shielding. While the application differs between these groups, the same 3 protective principles apply.2
TimeReduce the duration spent near the radiation source to minimize exposure2-4
Key considerations include:
- Completing work as quickly and efficiently as possible when handling RLTs
DistanceIncrease space between individuals and the radiation source2-5
Key considerations include:
- Strategic facility layout, such as placing general waiting areas far from treatment areas and patient bathrooms
- Guidelines for patients to maintain distance from family members after treatment, if necessary
- Staff can increase their distance from RLT by using forceps and other strategies to handle vials safely
- Controlled access to radiation areas
ShieldingPhysical barriers that reduce exposure to radiation2-4,6
Examples include:
- Walls with varying thickness and composition (eg, lead, concrete, or gypsum board) tailored to specific facility areas
- Equipment shielding